Shopping on line can be easy, simple and save you lots of money. It can also take a lot of your time, frustrate you, and result in unwanted purchases. Now the same can be said for regular high street shopping, but with the vast opportunity presented by the Internet it will pay you to spend a few minutes reading this and understanding how to better optimize your Snow shopping experience:
1. Compare - without doubt the biggest advantage that the Snow offers shoppers today is the ability to compare thousands of Snow at a time. This is a great thing, but not necessarily all the time! Too much can be daunting at times so take advantage of the great comparison sites and where possible let them do the hard work for you.
2. Research - if it has been said it will be on the internet. Ignorance is no longer a justifiable reason for buying the wrong thing. Take the time to research in detail everything that you could possible want to know about
3. Testimonials - don't know anybody that has bought a Snow? Wrong! If the Snow is good the internet will let you know. Use the Internet as a friend and get testimonials before you buy.
4. Questions - Got a question about Snow then search the Forums, FAQ's, Blogs etc. Don't be afraid to ask .....
5. Reputation - Never heard of the company selling Snow? Don't worry, no reason why you should know every company in the world, but you know someone that does! Use the internet to find out what people are saying about Snow and build up a picture of their reputation for sales, returns, customer service, delivery etc.
6. Returns - still worried that even after all of the above your Snow wont be what you want? Check out the returns policy. There is so much competition now that someone, somewhere is bound to offer the terms that you are comfortable with.
7. Feedback - happy with your Snow then let people know, after all you are depending on others people input in your buying decision, so why not give a little back.
8. Security - check for the yellow padlock on the Snow site before you buy, and the s after http:/ /i.e. https:// = a secure site
9. Contact - got a question about Snow, or want to leave a comment then check out the sites contact page. Reputable companies have them and respond.
10. Payment - ready to pay for your Snow, then use your credit card or PayPal! Be aware of companies that don't accept them, there may be genuine reasons but given the huge amount of choice you have when buying online there is no reason at all not to buy via credit card or PayPal.
Snow is a type of
precipitation (meteorology) in the form of crystalline water ice, consisting of a multitude of snowflakes that fall from
clouds. Since snow is composed of small ice particles, it is a granular material. It has an open and therefore soft structure, unless packed by external
pressure.
Snowflakes
drum.A
snowflake is an aggregate of
ice crystal that forms while falling in and below a
cloud. They are typically
hexagonally rotational symmetry.
Geometry
Large, well formed snowflakes are relatively flat and have six approximately identical arms, so that the snowflake nearly has the same 6-fold dihedral symmetry as a hexagon or
hexagram. This symmetry arises from the hexagonal crystal structure of
Ice Ih. However, the exact shape of the snowflake is determined by the temperature and humidity at which it forms.. Rarely, at a temperature of around -2 °C (28 °F), snowflakes can form in threefold symmetry - triangular snowflakes. http://www.its.caltech.edu/~atomic/snowcrystals/class/class.htm Snowflakes are not perfectly symmetric however. The most common snowflakes are visibly irregular, although near-perfect snowflakes may be more common in pictures because they are more visually appealing.
Snowflakes can come in many different forms, including columns, needles, and plates (with and without "
dendrite (crystal)" - the "arms" of some snowflakes). These different forms arise out of different temperatures and water saturation - among other conditions. Six petaled ice flowers grow in air between 0 °C (32 °F) and -3 °C (27 °F). The vapor droplets solidify around a dust particle. Between temperatures of -1 °C (30 °F) and -3 °C (27 °F), the snowflake will be in the form of a dendrite or a plate or the six petaled ice flower. As temperatures get colder, between -5 °C (23 °F) and -10 °C (14 °F), the crystals will form in needles or hollow columns or prisms. When the temperature becomes even colder (from -10 °C to -22 °C) the ice flowers are formed again, and at temperatures below -22 °C, the vapors will turn into prisms again. If a crystal has started forming at around -5 °C, and is then exposed to warmer or colder temperatures, a capped column may be formed which consists of a column-like design capped with a dendrite or plate-like design on each end of the column. At even colder temperatures, the snowflake design returns to the more common dendrite and plate. At temperatures approaching -20 °C, sectored plates are formed which appears as a dendrite, with each dendrite appearing flattened, like the design of a snowflake plate.
There are, broadly, two possible explanations for the symmetry of snowflakes. First, there could be communication or information transfer between the arms, such that growth in each arm affects the growth in each other arm. Surface tension or
phonons are among the ways that such communication could occur. The other explanation, which appears to be the prevalent view, is that the arms of a snowflake grow independently in an environment that is believed to be rapidly varying in temperature,
humidity and other atmospheric conditions. This environment is believed to be relatively spatially homogeneous on the scale of a single flake, leading to the arms growing to a high level of visual similarity by responding in identical ways to identical conditions, much in the same way that unrelated trees respond to environmental changes by growing near-identical sets of tree rings. The difference in the environment in scales larger than a snowflake leads to the observed lack of correlation between the shapes of different snowflakes. The
rotational symmetry happens because of the basic hexagonal crystalline structure from which the snowflake grows. The exact reason for the threefold symmetry of triangular snowflakes is still a mystery although
trigonal symmetry is a subsymmetry of Hexagonal symmetry.
There is a widely held belief that no two snowflakes are alike. Strictly speaking, it is extremely unlikely for any two macroscopic objects in the universe to contain an identical molecular structure; but there are, nonetheless, no known scientific laws that prevent it. In a more pragmatic sense, it's more likely—albeit not much more—that two snowflakes are visually identical if their environments were similar enough, either because they grew very near one another, or simply by chance. The American Meteorological Society has reported that matching snow crystals were discovered in Wisconsin in 1988 by Nancy Knight of the National Center for Atmospheric Research. The crystals were not flakes in the usual sense but rather hollow hexagonal
prism (geometry)s.
Snow on the ground
, part of the Island of Montreal, in
Quebec,
CanadaSnow fall remains on the ground until it
melts. In colder climates this results in snow lying on the ground all winter; when the snow does not all melt in the summer it becomes
glaciation.
This is often called
snowpack, especially when it does persist a long time. The deepest snowpacks occur in
mountainous regions. It is influenced by temperature and wind events which determine melting, accumulation and wind erosion.
The
water equivalent of the snow is thickness of the layer of water having the same content. For example, if the snow covering a given area has a water equivalent of , then it will melt into a pool of water deep covering the same area. This is a much more useful measurement to
hydrology than snow
depth, as the density of even freshly fallen snow widely varies. New snow commonly has a density of between 5% and 15% of water. Snow that falls in maritime climates is usually denser than snow that falls in mid-continent locations because of the higher average temperatures over oceans than over land masses. Cloud temperatures and physical processes in the cloud affect the shape of individual snow crystals. Highly branched or dendritic crystals tend to have more space between the arms of ice that form the snow flake and this snow will therefore have a lower density, often referred to as "dry" snow. Conditions that create columnar or platelike crystals will have much less air space within the crystal and will therefore be more dense and feel "wetter".
Once the snow is on the ground, it will settle under its own weight (largely due to differential evaporation) until its density is approximately 30% of water. Increases in density above this initial compression occur primarily melting and refreezing, caused by temperatures above freezing or by direct solar radiation. By late spring, snow densities typically reach a maximum of 50% of water.http://cdec.water.ca.gov/snow/misc/density.html
Spring snow melt is a major source of water supply to areas in temperate zones near mountains that catch and hold winter snow, especially those with a
Mediterranean climate. In such places, water equivalent is of great interest to water managers wishing to predict spring surface runoff and the
water supply of cities downstream. Measurements are made manually at marked locations known as
snow courses, and remotely using special scales called
snow pillows.
Many rivers originating in mountainous or high-latitude regions have a significant portion of their flow from snowmelt. This often makes the river's flow highly seasonal resulting in periodic
flooding. In contrast, if much of the melt is from glaciated or nearly glaciated areas, the melt continues through the warm season, mitigating that effect.
Energy balance
The energy balance of the snowpack is dictated by several heat exchange processes. The snowpack absorbs solar shortwave radiation that is partially blocked by cloud cover and reflected by snow surface. A longwave heat exchange takes place between the snowpack and its surrounding environment that includes overlaying air mass, tree cover and clouds. Convective (sensible) heat exchange between the snowpack and the overlaying air mass is governed bythe temperature gradient and wind speed. Moisture exchange between the snowpack and the overlaying air mass is accompanied with latent heat transfer that is influenced by vapor pressure gradient and air wind. Rain on snow could induce significant heat input to the snowpack. A generally insignificant conductive heat exchange takes placebetween the snowpack and the underlying ground. http://www.scientificjournals.org/journals2007/articles/1118.pdf
Impact on human society
Snow serves as a
thermal insulation conserving the heat of the Earth and protecting
agriculture from subfreezing weather. But substantial snowfall sometimes disrupts infrastructure and services, even those of a region that is accustomed to such weather. Automotive traffic may be greatly inhibited or may be stifled entirely. Basic infrastructures such as
electricity distribution,
telephone lines, and
Natural gas#Uses can also be shut down. This can lead to a "snow day," a day on which school sessions or other services are canceled owing to an unusually heavy snowfall.
In areas that normally have very little or no snow, a snow day may occur with light accumulation or even the threat of snowfall, as those areas are ill prepared to handle any amount of snow. A mudflow,
flash flood, or avalanche can occur when excessive snow has accumulated on a mountain and there is a sudden change of temperature.
Records
The highest seasonal total snowfall ever measured was at Mount Baker Ski Area, outside of
Bellingham, Washington, Washington in the United States during the 1998–1999 season. Mount Baker received 1,140 inches (29 m) of snow,http://www.usatoday.com/weather/news/1999/wsnorcrd.htm thus surpassing the previous record holder, Mount Rainier, Washington, which during the 1971–1972 season received 1,122 in. (28.5 m) of snow.http://www.nps.gov/archive/mora/interp/faq.htm Guinness World Records list the world’s largest snowflakes as those of January 1887 at Fort Keogh, Montana;. allegedly one measured 15 inches (38 cm) wide.
Recreation
.Some forms of recreation depend on snow
- Many winter sports, such as skiing, snowboarding, snowmobiling and snowshoeing
- Playing with a sled or riding in a sleigh
- Building a snowman or snow fort
- Throwing snowballs mutually in a snowball fight or at others to teasing them.
- Making a snow angel
- Where snow is scarce but the temperature is low enough, snow cannons may be used to produce an adequate amount for such sports.
- The world's biggest snowcastle, the SnowCastle of Kemi, is built in Kemi, Finland every winter.
Types of snow
that grows on the snow surface due to water vapor moving up through the snow on cold, clear nights
Snow falling
BlizzardA long-lasting snow storm with intense snowfall and usually high winds. Particularly severe storms can create
whiteout (weather) conditions where visibility is reduced to less than 1 m.
FlurryA period of light snow with usually little accumulation with occasional moderate snowfall.
Freezing rainRain that freezes on impact with a sufficiently cold surface. This can cover trees in a uniform layer of very clear, shiny ice – a beautiful phenomenon, though excessive accumulation can break tree limbs and utility lines, causing utility failures and possible property damage.
, one of the snowiest places in the U.S.
GraupelPrecipitation formed when freezing fog condenses on a snowflake, forming a ball of rime ice. Also known as snow pellets.
Ground blizzardOccurs when a strong wind drives already fallen snow to create drifts and whiteouts.
HailMany-layered ice balls, ranging from "pea" sized (0.25 in, 6 mm) to "golf ball" sized (1.75 in, 43 mm), to, in rare cases, "softball" sized or greater (>4.25 in, 108 mm).
HailstormA storm of hail. If the hail is sufficiently large, it can cause damage to cars or even people.
Lake effect snowProduced when cold winds move across long expanses of warmer lake water, picking up water vapor which freezes and is deposited on the lake's shores.
PukakA layer at the bottom of old snowpack, consisting of coarse, sugar-like ice crystals and air. Subnivean animals live in the pukak layer because its temperature is generally stable at a few degrees below freezing and it can be tunneled through with relative ease.
SleetIn
United Kingdom, rain mixed with snow; in America, ice pellets formed when snowflakes pass through a layer of warm air,
partially thaw, then refreeze on further descent.
Snow pelletsSee
graupel.
Snow squallA brief, very intense snowstorm.
Snow stormA long
storm of relatively heavy snow.
Soft hailwiktionary:granule of snow or ice pellets formed when supercooled water accretes on ice crystals or snowflakes.
ThundersnowA
thunderstorm which produces snow as the primary form of precipitation.
Snow on the ground
Artificial snowSnow can be also manufactured using snow cannons, which actually create tiny granules more like soft hail (this is sometimes called "grits" by those in the
Southern United States for its likeness to the texture of the
grits). In recent years, snow cannons have been produced that create more natural-looking snow, but these machines are prohibitively expensive.
Blowing snowSnow on ground that is being moved around by wind. See
ground blizzard.
CornCoarse, granular wet snow. Most commonly used by skiers describing good spring snow. Corn is the result of diurnal cycle of melting and refreezing.
CrustA double layer of snow in which the lower layer may be powdery dry but where the surface is frozen together into a stiff, icy surface, which often can support human weight.
IceDensely packed material formed from snow that doesn't contain air bubbles. Depending on the snow accumulation rate, the air temperature, and the weight of the snow in the upper layers, it can take snow a few hours or a few decades to form into ice.
FirnSnow which has been lying for at least a year but which has not yet consolidated into glacier ice. It is granular.
Packed PowderThe most common snow cover on ski slopes, consisting of powder snow that has lain on the ground long enough to become compressed, but is still loose.
Packing snowSnow that is at or near the melting point, so that it can easily be packed into snowballs and hurled at other people or objects. This is perfect for snow fights and other winter fun, such as making a snowman, or a snow fort.
PenitentesTall blades of snow found at high altitudes.
PowderFreshly fallen, uncompacted snow. The density and moisture content of powder snow can vary widely; snowfall in coastal regions and areas with higher humidity is usually heavier than a similar depth of snowfall in an arid or continental region. Light, dry (low moisture content) powder snow is prized by skiers and snowboarders. It is often found in the Rocky Mountains of North America and in Niseko, Japan.
,
Shropshire
Slush (snow)Snow which partially melts upon reaching the ground, to the point that it accumulates in puddles of partially-frozen water.
SnowdriftLarge piles of snow which occur near walls and curbs, as the wind tends to push the snow up toward the vertical surfaces.
Watermelon snowA reddish/pink colored snow that smells like
watermelons, and is caused by a red colored
green algae called
chlamydomonas nivalis
See also
References
External links
- Snowpack energy and mass balance An article that contains detailed analysis of snowpack energy and mass balance.
- Ultra-high resolution images of snowflakes, hosted by the Electron Microscopy Unit of the USDA Beltsville Agricultural Research Center
- Snow at above freezing temperatures
- Kenneth G. Libbrecht - Snowflake FAQ
- United Nations Environment Programme: Global Outlook for Ice and Snow
Snow is a type of precipitation (meteorology) in the form of crystalline
water ice, consisting of a multitude of snowflakes that fall from clouds. Since snow is composed of small ice particles, it is a
granular material. It has an open and therefore soft structure, unless packed by external pressure.
Snowflakes
drum.A
snowflake is an aggregate of ice crystal that forms while falling in and below a
cloud. They are typically
hexagonally
rotational symmetry.
Geometry
Large, well formed snowflakes are relatively flat and have six approximately identical arms, so that the snowflake nearly has the same 6-fold dihedral symmetry as a hexagon or
hexagram. This symmetry arises from the hexagonal crystal structure of Ice Ih. However, the exact shape of the snowflake is determined by the temperature and humidity at which it forms.. Rarely, at a temperature of around -2 °C (28 °F), snowflakes can form in threefold symmetry - triangular snowflakes. http://www.its.caltech.edu/~atomic/snowcrystals/class/class.htm Snowflakes are not perfectly symmetric however. The most common snowflakes are visibly irregular, although near-perfect snowflakes may be more common in pictures because they are more visually appealing.
Snowflakes can come in many different forms, including columns, needles, and plates (with and without "dendrite (crystal)" - the "arms" of some snowflakes). These different forms arise out of different temperatures and water saturation - among other conditions. Six petaled ice flowers grow in air between 0 °C (32 °F) and -3 °C (27 °F). The vapor droplets solidify around a dust particle. Between temperatures of -1 °C (30 °F) and -3 °C (27 °F), the snowflake will be in the form of a dendrite or a plate or the six petaled ice flower. As temperatures get colder, between -5 °C (23 °F) and -10 °C (14 °F), the crystals will form in needles or hollow columns or prisms. When the temperature becomes even colder (from -10 °C to -22 °C) the ice flowers are formed again, and at temperatures below -22 °C, the vapors will turn into prisms again. If a crystal has started forming at around -5 °C, and is then exposed to warmer or colder temperatures, a capped column may be formed which consists of a column-like design capped with a dendrite or plate-like design on each end of the column. At even colder temperatures, the snowflake design returns to the more common dendrite and plate. At temperatures approaching -20 °C, sectored plates are formed which appears as a dendrite, with each dendrite appearing flattened, like the design of a snowflake plate.
There are, broadly, two possible explanations for the symmetry of snowflakes. First, there could be communication or information transfer between the arms, such that growth in each arm affects the growth in each other arm. Surface tension or
phonons are among the ways that such communication could occur. The other explanation, which appears to be the prevalent view, is that the arms of a snowflake grow independently in an environment that is believed to be rapidly varying in temperature,
humidity and other atmospheric conditions. This environment is believed to be relatively spatially homogeneous on the scale of a single flake, leading to the arms growing to a high level of visual similarity by responding in identical ways to identical conditions, much in the same way that unrelated trees respond to environmental changes by growing near-identical sets of
tree rings. The difference in the environment in scales larger than a snowflake leads to the observed lack of correlation between the shapes of different snowflakes. The
rotational symmetry happens because of the basic hexagonal crystalline structure from which the snowflake grows. The exact reason for the threefold symmetry of triangular snowflakes is still a mystery although
trigonal symmetry is a subsymmetry of Hexagonal symmetry.
There is a widely held belief that no two snowflakes are alike. Strictly speaking, it is extremely unlikely for any two macroscopic objects in the universe to contain an identical molecular structure; but there are, nonetheless, no known scientific laws that prevent it. In a more pragmatic sense, it's more likely—albeit not much more—that two snowflakes are visually identical if their environments were similar enough, either because they grew very near one another, or simply by chance. The American Meteorological Society has reported that matching snow crystals were discovered in Wisconsin in 1988 by Nancy Knight of the
National Center for Atmospheric Research. The crystals were not flakes in the usual sense but rather hollow
hexagonal
prism (geometry)s.
Snow on the ground
, part of the
Island of Montreal, in
Quebec,
CanadaSnow fall remains on the ground until it melts. In colder climates this results in snow lying on the ground all winter; when the snow does not all melt in the summer it becomes
glaciation.
This is often called
snowpack, especially when it does persist a long time. The deepest snowpacks occur in
mountainous regions. It is influenced by temperature and wind events which determine melting, accumulation and wind erosion.
The
water equivalent of the snow is thickness of the layer of water having the same content. For example, if the snow covering a given area has a water equivalent of , then it will melt into a pool of water deep covering the same area. This is a much more useful measurement to hydrology than snow
depth, as the density of even freshly fallen snow widely varies. New snow commonly has a density of between 5% and 15% of water. Snow that falls in maritime climates is usually denser than snow that falls in mid-continent locations because of the higher average temperatures over oceans than over land masses. Cloud temperatures and physical processes in the cloud affect the shape of individual snow crystals. Highly branched or dendritic crystals tend to have more space between the arms of ice that form the snow flake and this snow will therefore have a lower density, often referred to as "dry" snow. Conditions that create columnar or platelike crystals will have much less air space within the crystal and will therefore be more dense and feel "wetter".
Once the snow is on the ground, it will settle under its own weight (largely due to differential evaporation) until its density is approximately 30% of water. Increases in density above this initial compression occur primarily melting and refreezing, caused by temperatures above freezing or by direct solar radiation. By late spring, snow densities typically reach a maximum of 50% of water.http://cdec.water.ca.gov/snow/misc/density.html
Spring snow melt is a major source of water supply to areas in temperate zones near mountains that catch and hold winter snow, especially those with a Mediterranean climate. In such places, water equivalent is of great interest to water managers wishing to predict spring
surface runoff and the water supply of cities downstream. Measurements are made manually at marked locations known as
snow courses, and remotely using special scales called
snow pillows.
Many rivers originating in mountainous or high-latitude regions have a significant portion of their flow from snowmelt. This often makes the river's flow highly seasonal resulting in periodic flooding. In contrast, if much of the melt is from glaciated or nearly glaciated areas, the melt continues through the warm season, mitigating that effect.
Energy balance
The energy balance of the snowpack is dictated by several heat exchange processes. The snowpack absorbs solar shortwave radiation that is partially blocked by cloud cover and reflected by snow surface. A longwave heat exchange takes place between the snowpack and its surrounding environment that includes overlaying air mass, tree cover and clouds. Convective (sensible) heat exchange between the snowpack and the overlaying air mass is governed bythe temperature gradient and wind speed. Moisture exchange between the snowpack and the overlaying air mass is accompanied with latent heat transfer that is influenced by vapor pressure gradient and air wind. Rain on snow could induce significant heat input to the snowpack. A generally insignificant conductive heat exchange takes placebetween the snowpack and the underlying ground. http://www.scientificjournals.org/journals2007/articles/1118.pdf
Impact on human society
Snow serves as a thermal insulation conserving the heat of the Earth and protecting agriculture from subfreezing weather. But substantial snowfall sometimes disrupts infrastructure and services, even those of a region that is accustomed to such weather. Automotive
traffic may be greatly inhibited or may be stifled entirely. Basic infrastructures such as electricity distribution,
telephone lines, and Natural gas#Uses can also be shut down. This can lead to a "
snow day," a day on which school sessions or other services are canceled owing to an unusually heavy snowfall.
In areas that normally have very little or no snow, a snow day may occur with light accumulation or even the threat of snowfall, as those areas are ill prepared to handle any amount of snow. A mudflow,
flash flood, or avalanche can occur when excessive snow has accumulated on a mountain and there is a sudden change of temperature.
Records
The highest seasonal total snowfall ever measured was at
Mount Baker Ski Area, outside of Bellingham, Washington, Washington in the
United States during the 1998–
1999 season. Mount Baker received 1,140 inches (29 m) of snow,http://www.usatoday.com/weather/news/1999/wsnorcrd.htm thus surpassing the previous record holder,
Mount Rainier, Washington, which during the 1971–
1972 season received 1,122 in. (28.5 m) of snow.http://www.nps.gov/archive/mora/interp/faq.htm Guinness World Records list the world’s largest snowflakes as those of January 1887 at Fort Keogh, Montana;. allegedly one measured 15 inches (38 cm) wide.
Recreation
.Some forms of recreation depend on snow
- Many winter sports, such as skiing, snowboarding, snowmobiling and snowshoeing
- Playing with a sled or riding in a sleigh
- Building a snowman or snow fort
- Throwing snowballs mutually in a snowball fight or at others to teasing them.
- Making a snow angel
- Where snow is scarce but the temperature is low enough, snow cannons may be used to produce an adequate amount for such sports.
- The world's biggest snowcastle, the SnowCastle of Kemi, is built in Kemi, Finland every winter.
Types of snow
that grows on the snow surface due to water vapor moving up through the snow on cold, clear nights
Snow falling
BlizzardA long-lasting snow storm with intense snowfall and usually high winds. Particularly severe storms can create
whiteout (weather) conditions where visibility is reduced to less than 1 m.
FlurryA period of light snow with usually little accumulation with occasional moderate snowfall.
Freezing rainRain that freezes on impact with a sufficiently cold surface. This can cover trees in a uniform layer of very clear, shiny ice – a beautiful phenomenon, though excessive accumulation can break tree limbs and utility lines, causing utility failures and possible property damage.
, one of the snowiest places in the U.S.
GraupelPrecipitation formed when freezing fog condenses on a snowflake, forming a ball of rime ice. Also known as snow pellets.
Ground blizzardOccurs when a strong wind drives already fallen snow to create drifts and whiteouts.
HailMany-layered ice balls, ranging from "pea" sized (0.25 in, 6 mm) to "golf ball" sized (1.75 in, 43 mm), to, in rare cases, "softball" sized or greater (>4.25 in, 108 mm).
HailstormA storm of hail. If the hail is sufficiently large, it can cause damage to cars or even people.
Lake effect snowProduced when cold winds move across long expanses of warmer lake water, picking up water vapor which freezes and is deposited on the lake's shores.
PukakA layer at the bottom of old snowpack, consisting of coarse, sugar-like ice crystals and air.
Subnivean animals live in the pukak layer because its temperature is generally stable at a few degrees below freezing and it can be tunneled through with relative ease.
SleetIn
United Kingdom, rain mixed with snow; in America, ice pellets formed when snowflakes pass through a layer of warm air,
partially thaw, then refreeze on further descent.
Snow pelletsSee
graupel.
Snow squallA brief, very intense snowstorm.
Snow stormA long storm of relatively heavy snow.
Soft hail
wiktionary:granule of snow or ice pellets formed when supercooled water accretes on ice crystals or snowflakes.
ThundersnowA thunderstorm which produces snow as the primary form of precipitation.
Snow on the ground
Artificial snowSnow can be also manufactured using
snow cannons, which actually create tiny granules more like soft hail (this is sometimes called "grits" by those in the
Southern United States for its likeness to the texture of the grits). In recent years, snow cannons have been produced that create more natural-looking snow, but these machines are prohibitively expensive.
Blowing snowSnow on ground that is being moved around by wind. See
ground blizzard.
CornCoarse, granular wet snow. Most commonly used by skiers describing good spring snow. Corn is the result of diurnal cycle of melting and refreezing.
CrustA double layer of snow in which the lower layer may be powdery dry but where the surface is frozen together into a stiff, icy surface, which often can support human weight.
IceDensely packed material formed from snow that doesn't contain air bubbles. Depending on the snow accumulation rate, the air temperature, and the weight of the snow in the upper layers, it can take snow a few hours or a few decades to form into ice.
FirnSnow which has been lying for at least a year but which has not yet consolidated into glacier ice. It is granular.
Packed PowderThe most common snow cover on ski slopes, consisting of powder snow that has lain on the ground long enough to become compressed, but is still loose.
Packing snowSnow that is at or near the melting point, so that it can easily be packed into snowballs and hurled at other people or objects. This is perfect for snow fights and other winter fun, such as making a snowman, or a snow fort.
PenitentesTall blades of snow found at high altitudes.
PowderFreshly fallen, uncompacted snow. The density and moisture content of powder snow can vary widely; snowfall in coastal regions and areas with higher humidity is usually heavier than a similar depth of snowfall in an arid or continental region. Light, dry (low moisture content) powder snow is prized by skiers and snowboarders. It is often found in the Rocky Mountains of North America and in Niseko, Japan.
, Shropshire
Slush (snow)Snow which partially melts upon reaching the ground, to the point that it accumulates in puddles of partially-frozen water.
SnowdriftLarge piles of snow which occur near walls and curbs, as the wind tends to push the snow up toward the vertical surfaces.
Watermelon snowA reddish/pink colored snow that smells like watermelons, and is caused by a red colored green algae called
chlamydomonas nivalis
See also
References
External links
- Snowpack energy and mass balance An article that contains detailed analysis of snowpack energy and mass balance.
- Ultra-high resolution images of snowflakes, hosted by the Electron Microscopy Unit of the USDA Beltsville Agricultural Research Center
- Snow at above freezing temperatures
- Kenneth G. Libbrecht - Snowflake FAQ
- United Nations Environment Programme: Global Outlook for Ice and Snow
BBC - Weather Centre - Sports - Snowsports - Snow News
BBC Weather's Snowsports section provides the latest snow news from around the world. ... The Stubai glacier in Austria is temporarily closed due to a lack of snow.
BBC - History - John Snow (1813 - 1858)
Snow was a British physician who is considered one of the founders of epidemiology for his work identifying the source of a cholera outbreak in 1854.
BBC NEWS | UK | Snow hits schools and travellers
Travellers face transport problems and many schools close as heavy snow falls in England and Wales.
BBC NEWS | In Pictures | More of your snow flurry pictures
BBC News website readers sent in their pictures of the snow flurries across parts of the UK. ... BBC News website readers have been sending in their photos of the snow. A twist on ...
Snow Reports
Snow reports for Neilson ski and snowboard resorts ... Snow Reports Snow reports are have begun for most of our resorts. If your chosen destination shows no infomation, why not see ...
Definition: snow from Online Medical Dictionary
The Online Medical Dictionary is a searchable dictionary of definitions from medicine, science and technology. ... snow. 1. Watery particles congealed into white or transparent ...
Snow Reports from Ski Club of Great Britain | Igluski.com
Snow Reports provided by the Ski Club of Great Britain for Igluski.com. Find out the latest snow conditions and weather forecast - provided by Snowfor
Snow+Rock: Clothing and equipment for athletics, mountain sports ...
Retailer of clothing and equipment for athletics, mountain sports, camping and skiing. Store locations, snow reports, resort guides and online sales.
Snow-Line Ski Holidays, Chalet Holidays, Snow Reports, Snowboard ...
UK based travel agency with packages to Europe and the U.S. Focuses on promoting other tour operator's packages.
Snow - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Snow is a type of precipitation in the form of crystalline water ice, consisting of a multitude of snowflakes that fall from clouds. The process of precipitation is called snowfall ...